我国制浆造纸行业二噁英来源及排放情况

A Comparative Study on the Sources and Emissions of Dioxins in China’s Pulp and Paper Industry

中文关键词:  制浆造纸  二噁英  无元素氯漂白  全无氯漂白

Key Words:pulp and paper industry  dioxin  ECF  TCF

中文摘要:

      利用联合国发布的“二噁英和呋喃排放识别和量化标准工具包（2013版）”进行估算，2014年我国制浆造纸行业二噁英排放总量约为406.68 g TEQ，其中向水体排放20.08 g TEQ，向残余物排放20.99 g TEQ，较2005年分别下降了44.4%和42.2%，较2009年分别下降了11.2%和8.4%。元素氯漂白工艺为向水体和残余物排放二噁英的主要源头。目前，我国木浆生产全部采用无元素氯（ECF）和全无氯（TCF）漂白工艺，但仍有72%的非木浆生产采用元素氯漂白工艺，因此，开展非木浆清洁生产技术研究十分必要。此外，提高我国废纸回收率，改善废纸质量，改进废纸再生清洁生产工艺，也将对减少制浆造纸产品中二噁英的循环量有重要意义。

Abstract:

      Based on the “Toolkit for Identification and Quantification of Releases of Dioxins, Furans and Other Unintentional POPs，UNEP”(2013 edition), dioxins emissions in China’s pulp and paper industry in 2014 were estimated as 406.68 g TEQ, in which water discharge was 20.08 g TEQ, and residues discharge was 20.99 g TEQ.The amount of dioxins released to water and residues decreased by 44.4% and 42.2% compared with 2005，and decreased by 11.2% and 8.4% compared with 2009.Chlorine bleaching process is the main source of dioxins discharge into water and residues in pulp and paper industry.At present, China’s all wood pulp productions use ECF or TCF process in bleaching, but 72% non-wood pulp productions still use chlorine bleaching.The development of non-wood pulp cleaner production technology instead of chlorine bleaching will be necessary.At the same time, improving domestic waste paper recycling rate, upgrading the quality of raw materials and the production process in waste paper recycling are important to reduce dioxin emission in China’s pulp and paper industry in the future.