不同废纸纤维增强聚乳酸基复合材料性能研究

Study on the Properties of Polylactic Acid Matrix Composites Reinforced by Different Waste Paper Fibers

中文关键词:  废纸纤维  结构特性  复合材料  力学性能  界面相容性

Key Words:waste paper fibers  structural characteristic  composite material  mechanical property  interfacial compatibility

中文摘要:

      通过纤维分析仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FT-IR）、扫描电镜（SEM）研究4种废纸（废新闻纸、废箱纸板、办公废纸、废书刊纸）纤维的表面形貌和结构特性；然后以聚乳酸（PLA）为基体、4种废纸纤维为增强体，利用注塑成形法制备废纸纤维/PLA生物可降解复合材料并探究废纸纤维对复合材料界面相容性和力学性能的影响。结果表明，废新闻纸纤维表面受损严重，多处出现扭结及横节纹；废箱纸板及废书刊纸纤维形态完整，扭结程度低且表面较为粗糙；办公废纸纤维长径比较大、细小纤维含量较少、纤维形态特性良好但表面相对光滑。废新闻纸/PLA复合材料和办公废纸/PLA复合材料的界面相容性较差，废纸纤维对PLA基体力学性能的增强效果一般；废箱纸板/PLA复合材料和废书刊纸/PLA复合材料的界面相容性较好，且废纸纤维有一定承力作用，对PLA基体弯曲性能和拉伸性能的改善效果较好。

Abstract:

      The surface morphology and structural characteristics of four kinds of waste paper （waste newspaper， waste cardboard， waste office paper， and waste book paper） fibers were studied by fiber analyzer， Fourier transform infrared spectrometer （FT-IR）， and scanning electron microscope （SEM）. Biodegradable composites of waste paper fiber/polylactic acid （PLA） were prepared by injection molding with PLA as the matrix and four kinds of waste paper fibers as the reinforcement. The results showed that the surfaces of waste newspaper fibers were seriously damaged， with many kinks and cross stripes. The fibers of waste cardboard and waste book paper were rather intact with less kinks and rough surface. The fibers of waste office paper had a higher length to diameter ratio， less fines content， and good morphology， but a relatively smooth surface. Furthermore， the interface compatibilities of waste newspaper/PLA and waste office paper/PLA composites were poor， and these two fibers had poor enhancement effect on the mechanical properties of PLA. The waste cardboard/PLA and waste book paper/PLA composites had good interfacial compatibility， and the fibers had certain load-bearing effect， which improved PLA's flexural and tensile properties.