多糖聚合物涂层对纸基包装材料水蒸气阻隔性能的研究进展

Research Progress on the Water Vapor Barrier Properties of Paper-based Packaging Materials Coated by Polysaccharide Polymers

中文关键词:  纸基包装材料  多糖聚合物  水蒸气阻隔  化学改性  纳米填料

Key Words:paper-based packaging material  polysaccharide polymer  water vapor barrier  chemical modification  nanofillers

中文摘要:

      纸基包装材料在一定湿度环境中具有较高的水蒸气渗透性，这极大地限制了其在食品包装领域的广泛应用。多糖聚合物涂层的纸基包装材料充分利用多糖聚合物良好的成膜性能和生物相容性及木质纤维材料优异的强度性能，在水蒸气高阻隔材料领域具有一定的应用潜力。本文介绍了4种常用多糖聚合物（纤维素、淀粉、壳聚糖和海藻酸盐）的理化性质，从传质小分子性质（极性和非极性）考虑，分析了多糖聚合物本身的结构特点及其在水蒸气阻隔方面存在的问题；重点探讨了通过化学改性（酯化、醚化、接枝和交联等）和使用有机/无机纳米填料（纤维素纳米晶、纳米黏土和纳米金属氧化物等）提高多糖聚合物涂层水蒸气阻隔性能的研究进展；最后，提出了多糖聚合物涂层纸基包装材料的未来研究方向及发展趋势。

Abstract:

      Paper-based packaging materials have high water vapor permeability in humid environment， which greatly limits their wide application in food packaging areas. Paper-based packaging materials coated by polysaccharide polymers fully utilize the film-forming property and biocompatibility of polysaccharide polymers and the strength properties of lignocellulosic fiber materials， which possess application potentials in high-barrier materials for water vapor. In this study， the physicochemical properties of four kinds of polysaccharide polymers （cellulose， starch， chitosan， and alginate） were introduced. The structural characteristics of polysaccharide polymers and its disadvantages in water vapor barrier were analyzed in terms of properties （polar or nonpolar） of small mass transfer molecule. The research progress of polysaccharide polymer-based composite coating improving water vapor barrier properties of materials through chemical modification （esterification， etherification， grafting， and cross-linking， etc.） and mixing with organic/inorganic nano-fillers （cellulose nanocrystals， nanoclay， and nanometal oxide， etc.） were accentuated. The research direction and development trend of polysaccharide polymer paper-based packaging materials were proposed.