水凝胶封装细胞研究进展

Recent Developments of Hydrogel-encapsulated Cells

中文关键词:  细胞壳层  水凝胶  细胞表面工程  细胞保护

Key Words:cell shell  hydrogel  cell surface engineering  cytoprotection

中文摘要:

      近年来，活细胞广泛应用于组织工程、细胞治疗等领域。为了保证活细胞在应用过程中的活性与功能完整性，在细胞表面构建保护性外壳的细胞封装策略应运而生。细胞封装可以避免免疫细胞、抗体、酶等物质与细胞的直接接触，同时保证氧气、营养物质、代谢物等一些小尺寸物质的自由交换。水凝胶因其与细胞基质相似且可形成3D结构模拟细胞微环境而被广泛用于细胞封装。本文首先对细胞封装进行了简单介绍，随后在多细胞封装中重点介绍了木质纤维素基水凝胶在细胞封装中的应用；在单细胞封装中从层层（LbL）自组装、接枝到表面（grafting to）和从表面接枝（grafting from）的3种方法，分别阐述了水凝胶壳层对细胞活性与功能特性的影响。最后讨论了水凝胶封装细胞未来发展方向与前景，希望能为医药食品等领域活细胞的储存及应用提供参考。

Abstract:

      Recently， living cells have been widely used in tissue engineering， cell therapy and other fields. To ensure the activity and functional integrity of living cells during the application， a protective shell， was constructed on the cell surface， named cell encapsulation. Cell encapsulation avoids direct contact with immune cells， antibodies， enzymes and other substances， and ensures free exchange of small materials such as oxygen， nutrients and metabolites. Hydrogels have received much attention because of their similarity to the cell matrix and their ability to form 3D structures that mimic the cellular micro-environment. Herein， cell encapsulation is briefly introduced at first， and then the applications of lignocellulose-based hydrogels in cell encapsulation are emphatically introduced in the multi cells encapsulation； In single cell encapsulated， using layer-by-layer self-assembly， Grafting to and Grafting from methods to expound the effects of hydrogel shell on cell activity and function. Finally， the future development directions and prospects of hydrogel-encapsulated cells are discussed， hoping to provide reference values for the applications of living cells in medicine and food fields.