玉米叶纳米纤维素的提取及表征

Preparation and Characterization of Nanocellulose from Corn Leaf

中文关键词:  玉米叶纳米纤维素  硫酸水解-超声法  增强材料

Key Words:corn leaf nanocellulose  sulfuric acid hydrolysis and ultrasonic method  reinforcing material

中文摘要:

      以农作物废弃物玉米叶为原料,首先去除玉米叶的木质素和半纤维素,获得纯化纤维素,然后通过硫酸水解-超声法提取玉米叶纳米纤维素,并运用XRD、FT-IR、TG和TEM表征纳米纤维素的微观形貌、结构以及热稳定性。结果表明,制备玉米叶纳米纤维素的最佳水解温度60℃,水解时间2 h,硫酸质量分数60%；玉米叶纳米纤维素呈棒状,直径约8 nm,长度150～200 nm,属纤维素I型,结晶度66.5%,起始热解温度为243.43℃,其可作为优良的增强材料应用于塑料加工或纸品生产。

Abstract:

      Purified cellulose was obtained from corn leaf, a crop residue by removing lignin and hemicellulose. Nanocellulose was prepared from the cellulose by sulfuric acid hydrolysis and ultrasonic treatment and characterization by XRD, FT-IR, TG and TEM to study its crystal morphology, physical, chemical structure and thermal stability. The results showed that the optimum hydrolysis temperature of corn leaf cellulose was 60℃, the hydrolysis time was 2 h, and the concentration of sulfuric acid was 60%. The diameter of the nanocellulose was about 8 nm, with length of 150~200 nm. The XRD pattern showed the NCC belonged to cellulose I, and the crystallinity of NCC was 66.5%, the pyrolysis temperature was 243.43℃. The NCC prepared from corn leaf could be excellent reinforcing materials for the manufacture of plastic and paper products.